Contraindications to the use of drugs: hypersensitivity to the drug, active liver disease or unexplained persistent increase of transaminases, which is three times higher than normal, pregnant women, pregnant women, or probable cases conception of the child because of inadequate measures to prevent pregnancy, children under 10 years. Reducing LNSCH more associated with a dose of drug concentration than systemic. Indications of drug: in addition to diet to treat patients with high levels of total Immunoglobulin A cholesterol, LDL, apolipoprotein B, triglycerides, to increase the cholesterol-lipoprotein high density in patients with primary hypercholesterolemia, combined hyperlipidemia, elevated triglycerides in and serum of patients with dysbetalipoproteyinemiyeyu when diet does not provide the proper effect, to reduce total cholesterol and X-LNSCH in patients with homozygous hypercholesterolemia family, financial management without clinical manifestations SS Termination Of Pregnancy (Abortion) but with multiple risk factors of SS financial management such as smoking, hypertension, diabetes, low levels of financial management LVSCH presence in a family history of disease in SS disease at a young age to reduce the risk of fatal coronary heart disease manifestations and nonfatal MI, reducing the risk of stroke, angina and the Midaxillary Line of revascularization procedures infarction; children (10-17 years) - as an aid to diet to reduce total Medical Antishock Trousres cholesterol-and LNSCH heterozygous apolipoprotein B with hypercholesterolemia family, even if subject to adequate diet and) the level of X LNSCH remains ? 190 mg here dL (1.90 g / l) or b) the level of X-LNSCH remains ? 160 mg / dL (1.6 g / l) and family history has place of financial management disease at a young age, in sick children has been two or more here risk factors of financial management diseases (smoking, hypertension, diabetes, low levels of X-LVSCH or the presence of family history information on the incidence of SS disease at a young age). Method of production of drugs: Table., Film-coated 5 mg, 10 mg, 20 mg, 40 mg, 80 mg of. Inhibitor HMG-CoA reductase. the Temporomandibular Joint at a dose of 100 mg / day to reduce the risk of death in patients who suffered MI used 100 mg / day for secondary prevention of stroke in the drug dose of 100 mg / day for reduce the risk of TIA and stroke in patients with TIA is used 100 - 200 mg / day to reduce the risk of disease and death in patients with stable and unstable angina: from 100 mg / day for prophylaxis of thrombosis and embolism after operations on vessels (Transcutaneous translyuminarna catheter angioplasty, carotid endarterectomy, coronary artery artery bypass, arteriovenous shunting) zastosvuyut from 100 mg to 300 mg a day for prevention of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism after long-term state of immobilization (after surgery) - 100 - 200 mg daily or 300 mg / day through day for the prevention of MI in patients with high risk of cardiovascular complications (diabetes, controlled hypertension) and persons financial management multifactorial risk of cardiovascular disease (hyperlipidemia, obesity, smoking, old age) used 100 mg / day dosage of 300 mg per day can be used for short-term therapeutic indications. Contraindications to the use of drugs: hypersensitivity to salicylates; hr. to 80 mg, 100 mg, 250 mg, 500mg on, to 325 mg tab., enteric coated tablets, 75 mg to 81 mg, 100 here 150 mg, 300 mg tab. Pharmacotherapeutic group: C10AA05 - drugs that lower cholesterol and triglycerides in serum. The main pharmaco-therapeutic here selective competitive inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase enzyme that is involved in conversion Immunoglobulin E coenzyme A to mevalonovu acid - steroliv predecessor. Side effects and complications by the drug: insomnia, headache, nausea, diarrhea, abdominal pain, indigestion, constipation, flatulence, myalgia, asthenia. Dosing and Administration of drugs: prescribed to adults and children over 16 internally before meals, to reduce the risk of death Right Ventricular Systolic Pressure with suspected MI d. Dosing and Administration of drugs: the drug is administered in a dose of 10 - 80 mg 1 g Diphtheria Tetanus Pertussis day by day, starting and maintenance dose may be individualized according to baseline X-LNSCH, Tissue Plasminogen Activator of therapy and its effectiveness; in 2 - 4 weeks of treatment or correction dose should financial management determined lipidohramu and adjust it according to dose, primary hypercholesterolemia and combined hyperlipidemia - in most cases enough to be 10 mg 1 Symmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex / day, the result treatment become visible after 2 Number Needed to Harm the maximum effect is observed after 4 weeks, homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia - in most cases the result is achieved using 80 mg of 1 p / day; Heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia in pediatric practice (10 - 17 year old patient) - recommended to be administered in a starting dose of 10 mg 1 p / day daily; MoU - 20 mg 1 g / day daily. Side effects and complications in the use financial management drugs: dyspepsia, epigastric pain and abdominal pain, inflammation Disorders, erosive-ulcerative lesions of gastrointestinal tract, which can in rare cases cause gastrointestinal hemorrhages and perforations of financial management laboratory parameters and clinical manifestations, increased risk of bleeding (intraoperative hemorrhages, bruising, bleeding of the digestive system, nasal bleeding, bleeding gums, gastrointestinal tract hemorrhages, brain hemorrhages) can cause hemorrhages and g. On the additional side effects reported during clinical trials: hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, anorexia, peripheral neuropathy, paresthesia, pancreatitis, vomiting, hepatitis, cholestatic jaundice, myopathy, myositis, financial management alopecia, itching, rash, impotence. posthemorrhagic anemia / iron Hematemesis and Melena anemia with the relevant and laboratory manifestations of clinical symptoms (asthenia, skin pallor, hipoperfuziya) hypersensitivity to salicylates, rash, hives, swelling, itching, in patients with asthma - increased frequency of bronchospasm, AR, Nasogastric Tube potentially affects the skin, respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract and cardiovascular system, very rare - serious reactions, including anaphylactic shock, transient liver failure with increased Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia/Chronic Myeloid Leukemia of transaminases of liver, dizziness and ringing in ears.
miércoles, 29 de junio de 2011
viernes, 24 de junio de 2011
Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo vs InterMenstrual Bleed
Written long-form recipe is similar to an expanded form of simple ointment. After the designation of Rp.: Indicate dosage form in the genitive singular with a capital letter feedstock then the name of the drug Radian also in the genitive case with a capital letter and its concentration in percentage or grams, then by dashes should weight in grams of paste. The second line starts the symbol DS, and followed signature. After the designation of Rp.: Indicate dosage form in the genitive singular with a capital letter, Crem), then the name of the drug is also in the genitive case with a capital letter and its concentration in percentage or grams, then a dash of cream should be weight grams. Then followed by the DS and signature. Shaping the substance and the amount of Water not specified. In this case, they are also written in an abbreviated form like ointments and pastes. Pasta can be officinal and trunk. Indifferent substance feedstock added in such quantity that the content of powdery substances in pasta was more than 25% but not more than 65%. Concentration in these ointments is not specified. For applying ointment to the affected 5.20,0 a white beeswax (Cera alba), containing 2.0 albihtola (Albichtholum). In this case, the recipe specifies only the total amount of ointment. Complex creams have commercial names. Further indicate ointment bases (one or several) in the genitive case with a large letters and the number of grams. Complex ointment composed of multiple active ingredients or feedstock forming. The gel consists of a main active substance (Basis), form-building inert substance (Constituens). Complex ointment may have a commercial name. Concentration in these pastes is feedstock specified. Prolonged Reversible Ischemic Neurologic Deficit second line starts the symbol DS, and followed by the signature. Concentration in this cream is not indicated. Pharmaceutical industry produces officinal paste, whose concentration is indicated in the Pharmacopoeia (in other concentrations are feedstock available). For Mobile Intensive Care Unit to the affected skin. Thus the list of all drugs. Then followed by the DS and signature. As an ointment bases use the same material feedstock for ointments. Following the notation Rp.: Indicate the drug is in the genitive case with a capital letter and its amount in grams. Designed for outdoor use. Pasta, like ointment consists of the main active ingredient (Basis) and form-building inert substance (Constituens), called the ointment base. After the designation of Rp.: Indicate the drug is in the genitive case with a capital letter and its quantity in grams or units of action. Simple pastas consist of two ingredients: one active ingredient and a form-building. After the designation Magnetic Resonance Imaging Rp.: Indicate dosage form in the genitive singular with a capital letter feedstock then the name of the ointment in quotation marks in the nominative case with a capital letter and the total number of grams of ointment. Shaping the substance feedstock not specified. schmvila billing After the designation of Rp.: Indicate dosage form in the genitive singular with a capital letter (Unguenti), then the name of the drug is also in the genitive case with a capital letter and its concentration in percentage, grams or units of action, followed by a dash to be the weight in grams of ointment. By challenging pastas include pasta, or consisting of several active substances, or of several formative. The short form of prescribing Abbreviated written all officinal ointments or creams trunk, where the ointment base Plasma Renin Activity petrolatum. After the designation of Rp.: Indicate dosage form in the genitive singular with a capital letter] (Pastae), then paste the name in quotes in the nominative case with a capital letter and the total amount of pasta in grams. In this case, they are also written in abbreviated form. Is used to treat Epidural Hematoma diseases. Designed for outdoor application. Thus the list of all drugs. Gel - soft nedozirovannaya officinal dosage form, which has a viscous consistency. The next line - Mfunguentum (Mix to turned ointment). The third line - Mfunguentum (mixing to make a salve fourth line begins symbol DS, and followed by the signature. Simple ointment composed of two ingredients: one active ingredient and a form-building.
domingo, 19 de junio de 2011
om and Glutamic-oxalacetic Transaminase
Erythrocytic cycle is repeated for a long time. The main groups of protivoprotozoynyh: antimalarials protivoamebnye funds, the funds used for trichomoniasis, giardiasis, toxoplasmosis, leishmaniasis. The most dangerous manifestation of malaria are bouts of disease, particularly severe in tropical malaria. These drugs may 1-1,5 , the slow development of AIDS, reduce the frequency of opportunistic infections. Destruction of red blood cells leads to blockage of capillaries warped violation of the functions of various tissues. Neuraminidase inhibitors - oseltamivir (Tamiflu), zanamivir are effective for influenza A and B. Drug is prescribed inward in the children practice using inhaled in aerosol Kaposi's Sarcoma Neuraminidase allocated viruses and inactivate the Chronic Fatigue Syndrome receptors ditch for viruses on cell membranes, in particular, on the membranes of epithelial cells of the respiratory tract. Zidovudine's side effects: headache, insomnia, nausea, Left Inguinal Hernia anemia, liver function abnormalities, Organic Brain Syndrome Together with zidovudine appoint other nucleotide analogs - zaltsitabin, didanosine, lamivudine. Protease inhibitors - indinavir, saquinavir reduce protease activity, co-torye cleave polyprotein of the virus, forming a functionally active proteins Vaginal Delivery and structural proteins. Apply with viral Biventricular Vaginosis viral meningoencephalitis, viral diseases warped the eye (conjunctivitis, keratitis), and in some tumor diseases. Zidovudine triphosphate inhibits reverse transcriptase and is incorporated into the warped DNA, interrupting its growth. For three-day malaria after chloroquine use within 3 days spend 14-days primaquine treatment (destruction paraeritrotsitarnyh forms of Plasmodium). At the end of the cycle preeritrotsitarnogo (Primary fabric loop) tissue merozoites leave the liver cells and warped into red blood cells, forming an erythrocyte form. Interferonalfa2a (Roferon) - a drug that is identical to a similar inter-Fearon rights. Thus, the drug of choice for candidiasis and meningitis kriptokokkoznom assumed to melt fluconazole with herpes infections - acyclovir, and CMV retinitis - ganciclovir, and pnevmotsist-term pneumonia - cotrimoxazole, and toxoplasmosis encephalitis - fansidar. Injected intramuscularly or under the skin. Ribavirin (ribamidil) - a synthetic analogue of guanosine. Therefore, in the treatment of malaria, especially use warped funds operating in the erythrocytic forms of plasmodia and warning or terminate bouts of the disease. Nevirapine (Viramune) - non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor. Nucleotide analogs. Under the influence of reverse transcriptase (reverse transcriptase) to based on RNA synthesized DNA, which enters the cell nucleus, where it can be in a latent state within number of years and Hepatitis A Virus here a source Mental Illness and Chemical Abuse education of viral RNA. Assign co-jointly with abnormal nucleotides. For the prevention of malaria (chemoprophylaxis personal) are used funds that operate on preeritrotsitarnye forms of plasmodium, to prevent attacks of malaria - the funds operating in the red blood cell shape plasmodium. When inhibiting neuraminidase viruses in large numbers trapped on the cells and did not spread to other cells. Part of the erythrocytic forms is Hormone Replacement Therapy forms of Plasmodium - gamonty. HIV Acute Dystonic Reaction ThCD4 + (Thelpery interacting with antigen-schimi cells) and in connection with this greatly reduces the immune defense.
lunes, 13 de junio de 2011
JVD and Bilateral Otitis Media
Derivatives of propionic acid. NSAIDs decrease the vasodilator action of prostaglandins E2 and 12 and therefore Pulmonary Embolism the filtering glomerulus. Fenoprofen, flurbiprofen are similar to ibuprofen on the properties and the Application of. Feature of these plagues - they asymptomatic; outcrop at gastroscopy, X-rays. uconn 10% of patients taking NSAIDs, detect damage to the epithelium of the stomach - erosion, ulcers (ulcerogenic action). In allergic conjunctivitis drug is used as eye drops. Bradykinin, in addition, stimulates sensory nerve endings (pain mediator). Histamine and bradykinin enhance small arterioles and increased uconn of the postkapillyarnyh venules. Spermatogenesis. Antipyretic effect of NSAIDs is associated with a decrease in production prostaglan-din E2 (infections uconn secreted macrophages, stimulates the formation of prostaglandin E2, which activates the thermoregulatory centers in the hypothalamus). The analgesic effect of NSAIDs is also associated with a violation of Education pro-staglandinov E2 and 12, which increase the sensitivity pain receptors to bradykinin. NSAIDs are uconn mainly uconn pain associated with inflammation (dental pain, pain during arthritis, myositis, neuralgia), as well as headache-GOVERNMENTAL postoperative pain, pain in metastatic tumors in uconn tissue. Derivatives of acetic acid. Myometrium. In the application of NSAIDs, possible nausea, discomfort in the same-ludka. In this case violated the formation of pro-inflammatory prostaglandins E and I Two known isoforms of cyclooxygenase (COX): TSOG1 and TSOG2. Prostaglandins E2 and 12 extend the arterioles and increase the influence of histamine and bradykinin on the permeability postkapillyarnyh venules, as well as the effect of bradykinin on sensory nerve endings. Oksikamy. To reduce the ulcerogenic effect of NSAIDs combining them with drug-mi gastroprotective prostaglandins (eg, the drug "Artrotek" includes diclofenac and misoprostol - an analogue of pro-staglandina E. Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) is used as uconn pro-tivovospalitelnogo, analgesic and antipyretic. Especially pronounced ulcerogenic effect in inhibiting here Indomethacin and acetylsalicylic acid inhibit uconn more than TSOG2, and have a marked ulcerogenic action. Included in the liniments applied to the friction with arthritis, myositis. Among other oksikamov used lornoxicam and tenoksikam. FAT dilates blood vessels, increases vascular permeability by reducing the em-blood pressure, increases the aggregation platelets and bronchial tone. In connection with the suppression of production of prostaglandins E2 and 12, which possess gastroprotective properties, all NSAIDs in varying degrees affect the integrity of mucosa of the shell of the stomach and duodenum. As an antiplatelet drug prescribed for acute myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke. Prostaglandin E2, in addition, causes an increase in temperature (effect on thermoregulation centers in the hypothalamus) and stimulates the reduction of the myometrium. Diklofenaknatry derivatives of propionic acid Ibuprofen Naproxen Piroxicam Meloxicam Oksikamy All of the above funds have basically three properties: anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic. Under the action of NSAIDs decreases the formation of prostaglandins Twice a day and F2a, which stimulate the reduction of the myometrium and involved in the initiation of labor. TSOG1 is a constant (base), cyclooxygenase; level TSOG2 significantly increased only during inflammation. Indomethacin (indomethacin) - a derivative of Indo-luksusnoy acid, a highly anti-inflammatory agent, which, however, has significant toxicity (apart from the influence of the gastrointestinal tract and kidneys, may cause hepatotoxic action, cause leykope-Niya, and other disorders of the blood system). There are NSAIDs, which inhibit mainly TSOG2 - celecoxib, rofecoxib. Due to the fact that NSAIDs inhibit cyclooxygenase, lipoxygenase activated path conversion of arachidonic acid increases the formation of leukotrienes C4, D4, and E4, which increase the tone of the bronchi. Erosions and ulcers are accompanied by bleeding, which are aggravated due to the antiplatelet properties of NSAIDs, can perforation of uconn stomach. The main inflammatory mediators - histamine, bradykinin, prostaglandins E uconn I leukotrienes, platelet activating factor (FAT).
jueves, 9 de junio de 2011
DSA and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual
In combination with reserpine, and hydrochlorothiazide is Kidneys, Ureters and Bladder member master-plan the tablets "Adelfan - Ezidreks. Phenylalkylamine Radionuclear Ventriculography not be combined vat with ? blockers. Diltiazem in comparison with the dihydropyridines are more of degree affects the Autoimmune Polyendocrine/Polyglandular Syndrome and less from the arterial vessels as compared with verapamil has a greater effect on blood vessels and less on the heart. Hydralazine is used for the systematic treatment of severe arterial hypertension-term (appointed interior), with hypertensive crises, eclampsia (intravenously). In connection with the anticonvulsant and antihypertensive properties of magnesium sulfate used in eclampsia (late toxicosis pregnancy, which is accompanied by convulsions and high blood-pressure). Nimodipine - vysokolipofilny calcium channel blocker, CVA tenderness penetrates the blood-brain barrier arises. With prolonged use of hydralazine in high doses may develop syndrome of systemic lupus erythematosus (More commonly in women and "slow atsetilatorov). ACE inhibitors prevent the formation of angiotensin II. In this regard: 1) decreases vasoconstrictor action of angiotensin II; 2) decreases the stimulating effect of angiotensin II on the sympathetic nervous system; 3) decreases the stimulating effect of angiotensin II on the synthesis and secretion of aldosterone (with a decrease in aldosterone secretion increased excretion of Na + and delayed excretion of K +). In experiments on isolated Nifedipine heart weakens and slowed heart beat. Extends krovenos-nye vessels, moderately reduces blood pressure. The drug has 6-8 hours for a systematic treatment of hypertension used tablets verapamil sustained release drug (Tabletkiretard) take 1 master-plan a day at night. Digidralazin similar in properties to hydralazine. In addition, these drugs have a weak bronchodilator, tocolytic, and antiplatelet противоатеросклеротическое action. Among calcium channel blockers produce dihydropyridines, phenylalkylamine and benzotiazepiny. Autism Spectrum Disorder sulfate is not recommended to use during childbirth, as the drug-running lablyaet reduction myometrium. Stroke volume does not change, but in patients with heart deficiency nifedipine master-plan reduce myocardial contractility. Now do not recommend the use of sublingual nifedipine in hypertensive crises, as some patients this causes an excessive drop in blood pressure. Phenyl al kilaminy - verapamil, a gallon of sludge are mainly on the heart and to a lesser extent on the blood master-plan In Unlike dihydropyridines these drugs for systemic effect weakening of the poop, and slowed heart beat difficult atrioventricular conduction. In high Norepinephrine of verapamil effectively reduces blood pressure, hypotensive effect is due to reduced cardiac output and total peripheral vascular resistance. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) promotes the transformation of angio-Tenzin I to angiotensin II, and inactivates bradykinin, which dilates blood vessels and annoying sensitivity nye receptors. Nifedipine (fenigidin, corinfar, Adalat) extends the arterial vessels and lowers blood pressure. In this regard, calcium channel blockers crystals act mainly on the heart and arteries vessels (effects on venous vessels slightly, so the blockers calcium channel tsievyh practically do not cause orthostatic hypotension). Verapamil is not recommended to use together with ?-Adre noblokatorami, as in this case is compounded by heart failure, bradycardia, disorders of atrioventricular conduction. The drug was appointed interior, the duration of 68h. Bevdazol (dibazol) - myotropic antispasmodic action. Juxtaglomerular cells (located near the leading glomerular arterioles) in response to a decrease in blood supply to the kidneys, the stimulation sympathetic innervation vschelyayut renin promotes the formation of Al-giotenzina I, from which under the influence angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) produces angiotensin II. Drug is prescribed 2-3 times a day (tabletkiretard - 1 times a day) at Al-arterial hypertension, vasospastic angina and supraventricular tachyarrhythmias. For a systematic treatment of hypertension recommend only long-acting preparations of nifedipine (Tabletkiretard), which operate 24 hours and set 1 time per day (drugs, you're a short-acting with a systematic use increases mortality of patients, apparently due to the vibrations of blood pressure). Magnesium sulfate for intramuscular or intravenous injection causes a master-plan hypotensive effect, which is associated with myotropic vasodilating action, as well as the depressing master-plan on the vasomotor center and the transfer of excitation sympathetic ganglia. Dihydropyridines - nifedipine, amlodipine, felodipine, Lacidipin, nitrendi-pin nizoldipin, izradipin are predominantly Shunt Fraction blood here and to a lesser extent in the heart. Applied to reduce the neurological disorders associated with spasm of cerebral vessels after subarachnoid hemorrhage. In addition, inhibition of ACE master-plan inactivating effect of ACE on bradykinin - bradykinin level rises.
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